In Defence of Philosophical Materialism

Physicalism is a philosophical position which asserts that everything that exists is physical. This philosophy is commonly referred to as materialism, which has a distinct definition, but I will use these terms – as well as ‘physical’ and ‘material’ –  interchangeably for the sake of this discussion. The physicalist outlook is contested by many in the ‘psychedelic’…

View Post

Gobekli Tepe: An Ancient Structure That Challenges Mainstream History

Gobekli Tepe has been dubbed ‘the world’s oldest temple’. This archaeological site is located 6 miles from Urfa, an ancient city in southeastern Turkey. Based on radiocarbon dating techniques, this structure is over 11,000 years old, which astonishing, because it means that Gobekli Tepe is 6,000 years older than Stonehenge. The temple consists of huge…

View Post

Sovereignty Over One’s Mind and Body: The Most Fundamental Human Right

Having control of one’s body and one’s mind – also called self-ownership – is, I believe, the most basic human right anyone can have. Mill summed up it nicely in On Liberty: “Over one’s mind and over one’s body the individual is sovereign” – although he did (rightly so) allow for exceptions involving actions which…

View Post