Could the Universe Be a Fractal?

There is a theory of the universe known as fractal cosmology and it says that the structure of the universe is fractal. A fractal is a geometric pattern that is self-similar, meaning that the whole pattern is contained within its parts. In other words, if you zoom into any part of the pattern, it looks…

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The Mysterious Placebo Effect: How Culture, Meaning, and Belief Can Heal Us

The placebo effect remains as the most bizarre aspect of modern medicine. The placebo effect occurs when a patient is led to believe that they are receiving a medically effective treatment, when in fact they are receiving none. The most influential studies investigating the placebo effect usually involve sugar pills or ‘dummy pills’, the purpose…

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The Aquatic Ape Hypothesis Paints a Different Picture of Human Evolution

The aquatic ape hypothesis (AAH) proposes that our evolutionary ancestors, at some point, adapted to a semi-aquatic existence. This challenges the consensus view that our ancestors left an arboreal (tree-dwelling) habitat and then continued to evolve in the terrestrial habitat of the African savannah. One of the most passionate proponents of the AAH is the…

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The Atkins, Dukan, and Paleo Diets: Little Evidence, Real Risks

There are many popular diets that promise rapid weight loss and health benefits. Some of these diets, however, such as the Atkins and Dukan diets, while they may offer rapid weight loss, do not really offer any substantial health benefits. In fact, rapid weight loss can be regarded as an unhealthy change in itself. A…

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Understanding and Reducing the Effects of a Hangover

What is a hangover? Well, part of what makes a hangover feel so horrible comes down to dehydration (although it probably isn’t responsible for the majority of the hangover). Dehydration is what gives you the headaches, dizziness, dry mouth, confusion and fatigue. Excess alcohol consumption causes dehydration due to excessive urination. Alcohol is a diuretic,…

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